Sometimes, when you buy a brand new electronic gadget, it doesn’t perform up to its expectation. You might blame it on many things that might go wrong with the gadget, but generally, it is due to the PCB or the Printed Circuit Board. PCB is that part that mechanically supports the gadget and connects it electrically. However, PCB is not the only thing that might go wrong with your gadget; but there is also the factor of EMI or Electromagnetic Interference. EMI or electromagnetic interference is disruptive energy that is basically emitted from every other electronic device.
Now, let’s see how EMI disrupts the performance of a gadget. In today’s world, most of the systems are wireless, and hence, the internal wires all receive radio signals or some other type of signals and transmits them. These signals cumulatively disrupt the gadget’s overall functioning, and these signals give rise to EMI or Electromagnetic Interference. To avoid this, a gadget needs a smart design of the PCB and a shielding solution that will help the gadget be saved from the EMI of other gadgets. A shielding solution basically saves the gadget from receiving spurious signals from other gadgets, and hence, helps the gadget run in a better performance scale.
EMI Shielding: An Integral part of PCB Design
Most of the devices we use today, smartphones, tablets, and televisions, all emit EMI or Electromagnetic Interference generally for two sources: RF or the Radio Frequency, which transmits the signal from the gadget and the other is the internal circuits of the gadget. In the modern-day, the main challenge that a designer face in manufacturing a gadget is that they have to design a PCB that will not emit EMI. Once designing the PCB is done, the next thing that designers have to work on is shielding the other parts of the gadget to protect it from electromagnetic interference from other gadgets.
Shielding Varieties
There are many types of shields used in electronic gadgets to protect them from EMI or Electromagnetic Interference. Though every gadget does not have to be installed with the same shielding, and that is why there are six types of shielding. Now, circuit board shields are also generally available in many sizes and shapes. They can also be made up of various metals, which can range from stainless steel to conductive foams and metal films. The shields used for PCB are basically very sophisticated and have electrically conductive interfaces, which makes these shields more effective and helps the gadget function more smoothly.
In ideal cases, EMI shields should have a sealed container with no minute openings. But in practicality, achieving that is never possible, which is why leaking generally happens from these openings in the EMI shields. For this, preventive measures need to be taken. EMI shields cannot be in a sealed container since there are many wires which go in and comes out, and hence, there would be openings, no matter what.
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